Q) Choose any system of the human body and prepare a response to the following questions in 1-2 pages:
Introduction(Explain the system with the components)
Body(Explain how the system relates to achieve homeostasis in human body)
Conclusion( Choose any disease common in KSA and explain how and which part of the system is affected)
How to solve
SEU Circulatory System Paper
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Introduction:
The respiratory system is a vital system in the human body responsible for the intake of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide. It is composed of various components, including the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Together, these components work seamlessly to achieve homeostasis in the human body.
Body:
The respiratory system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis through gas exchange. It works in coordination with other systems, such as the cardiovascular system, to ensure an adequate supply of oxygen to all cells and the removal of carbon dioxide, a byproduct of cellular respiration.
The process starts with the inhalation of air through the nasal cavity, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. The air then travels through the pharynx and larynx, where it is further controlled and directed towards the trachea. The trachea branches into two bronchi, which lead to the lungs.
Within the lungs, the bronchi further divide into smaller bronchioles, ultimately ending in tiny air sacs called alveoli. Oxygen diffuses across the thin walls of the alveoli into the bloodstream, where it binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells for transport to the body’s tissues. At the same time, carbon dioxide, produced as a result of cellular metabolism, diffuses from the bloodstream into the alveoli to be expelled during exhalation.
This coordinated process of respiratory ventilation and gas exchange ensures the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. Homeostasis is maintained by regulating breathing rate, depth, and the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Conclusion:
One disease commonly observed in Saudi Arabia (KSA) that affects the respiratory system is asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes the airways to become inflamed and narrow, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
In asthma, the smooth muscles surrounding the airways constrict excessively, causing narrowed and obstructed airways. This can occur due to various triggers, including allergens, irritants, exercise, and respiratory infections. The inflammatory response in asthma involves the release of chemicals, such as histamine and leukotrienes, which further contribute to airway inflammation and constriction.
Asthma primarily affects the bronchi and bronchioles, resulting in difficulty in air movement and decreased airflow to the alveoli. This disruption in the normal functioning of the respiratory system hinders the efficient exchange of gases, leading to decreased oxygen supply and impaired removal of carbon dioxide.
In summary, the respiratory system is vital for maintaining homeostasis in the human body. It ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, facilitating cellular respiration. However, diseases like asthma can disrupt this process, affecting the bronchi and bronchioles and thus hampering the system’s ability to achieve and maintain homeostasis in the body.
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