Health information management (HIM) professionals are guided by a code of conduct and adhere to a professional code of ethics, a set of principles regarding business practices and professional behavior. This chapter covers the concepts of moral values and ethical principles, culture, cultural competence, and the ethical foundations in HIM.
MODULE INTRODUCTION
The chapter discusses not only the foundations of ethics, but also the ethical decision-making process and ethical issues related to documentation, the release of information, coding, quality management, managed care, sensitive information, research, and electronic health record systems
- Discussion 14.1: Code of Ethics [1c, 4e, 4f, 4g]
- SPC Real World Case 21.1: Coding Dilemma [1c, 4e, 4f, 4g]
- Real World Case 21.2: Jane Brown [1c, 4e, 4f, 4g]
- SPC Dropbox 14.1: Lab Assignment 21.2 [1c, 4e, 4f, 4g]
Code of Ethics15 POINTS |
Compare and Contrast AHIMA’s Code of Ethics with one other Health Profession.
For this discussion, read Chapter 21 and research the internet to gather information.
Guidelines |
Please make sure your discussion posts include all of the items below:
- As an HIM Professional, or future HIM Professional, give an example of how you plan to comply with AHIMA’s Code of Ethics.
- Compare and Contrast AHIMA’s Code of Ethics with one other Health Profession.
- Note: your initial summary post should be one or two paragraphs in length (a paragraph is at least 3 sentences in length).
- Reply to at least one classmates’ posts with a substantial thought.
- You must post first before you will be able to view those of your classmates.
View the Discussion Rubric for grading criteria.
Real World Case 21.120 POINTS |
For this activity, you will review the Real World Case 21.1. You will conduct an analysis of the situation and summarize how you would have addressed the issues.
As a coder, the last thing you want to do is knowingly or unknowingly engage in fraudulent or unethical behaviors. Standards for ethical coding are based on AHIMA’s Code of Ethics. These principles are the expectation guidelines coding professionals should follow when involved in diagnostic and procedural coding. When coding a health record for reimbursement purposes, a coder should be accurate, utilize supporting health record documentation, demonstrate integrity and a commitment to the ethical and legal practice for coding and refuse to participate in fraudulent or unethical practices.
Analyze Real World Case 21.1:
Kelly was a new coder who had never held an HIM job before. She had just graduated from college and passed her RHIT when she was hired by a local clinic and was so excited to start working. A few weeks later, her manager asked to meet with her. The manager closed the door and told Kelly that she wanted her to code charts for a particular procedure using two codes instead of one so the reimbursement would be higher. The manager then proceeded to divulge information that the clinic was struggling financially so anything extra would help. Kelly got the impression that if she did not comply they would let her go; and she really needed this job. Also, since it was her boss asking, she felt obligated to do as she was told.
For this assignment, you will evaluate how cultural issues in the City Hospital’s HIM department affected health and healthcare quality, cost, and health information management.
You will then answer the following questions in the Quiz Tool, using complete sentences and focusing on relevant details.
- Identify the ethical question.
- What are the facts?
- Who are the stakeholders?
- What are the options?
- What is the decision (HIM values at stake)?
- What justifies the choice.
- Prevention so the issue is not repeated.
Guidelines |
Before you submit your Real World Case Study written responses:
- Ensure all of the Real World Case Study 21.1 questions are answered thoroughly.
- View the Critical Thinking Assignment Rubric (20 points) for the grading criteria.
- Then, finally, complete and submit your answers in the Quiz Tool.
Please Note: Each question is worth 2.86 points for a total of 20 points.
Real World Case 21.120 POINTS |
For this activity, you will review the Real World Case 21.1 on page 620 of your textbook. You will conduct an analysis of the situation and summarize how you would have addressed the issues.
As a coder, the last thing you want to do is knowingly or unknowingly engage in fraudulent or unethical behaviors. Standards for ethical coding are based on AHIMA’s Code of Ethics. These principles are the expectation guidelines coding professionals should follow when involved in diagnostic and procedural coding. When coding a health record for reimbursement purposes, a coder should be accurate, utilize supporting health record documentation, demonstrate integrity and a commitment to the ethical and legal practice for coding and refuse to participate in fraudulent or unethical practices.
Analyze Real World Case 21.1. For this assignment, you will evaluate how cultural issues in the City Hospital’s HIM department affected health and healthcare quality, cost, and health information management.
You will then answer the following questions in the Quiz Tool, using complete sentences and focusing on relevant details.
- Identify the ethical question.
- What are the facts?
- Who are the stakeholders?
- What are the options?
- What is the decision (HIM values at stake)?
- What justifies the choice.
- Prevention so the issue is not repeated.
Guidelines |
Before you submit your Real World Case Study written responses:
- Ensure all of the Real World Case Study 21.1 questions are answered thoroughly.
- View the Critical Thinking Assignment Rubric (20 points) for the grading criteria.
- Then, finally, complete and submit your answers in the Quiz Tool.
Lab Assignment 21.2: Cultural Diversity15 POINTS |
Economic globalization is a major force that drives cultural diversity. Cultural diversity includes race, ethnicity, age, gender, socioeconomic status, language, religion, and sexual orientation. Examples of cultural diversity are someone’s customs, traditions, social standards, and religious beliefs. Cultural diversity can affect someone’s attitude, behavior, and values
Instructions:
For this activity, you will evaluate cultural diversity policies and programs and create a diversity training PowerPoint presentation based on 5 cultural diversity topics. Review Chapter 21 and the internet for guidance.
Be creative in your presentation (Microsoft PowerPoint or LucidChart, a free online tool).
- Your PowerPoint presentation be a minimum of 10 slides.
- You should cover 5 diversity topics in your presentation.
- You should have 2 slides per cultural diversity topic.
- Allow 1 slide for a cover slide and 1 slide for references
- Your presentation should have no more than 15 slides total.
Guidelines |
Your grid should follow these guidelines and include the following information:
- Your PowerPoint presentation be a minimum of 10 slides.
- You should cover 5 diverse topics in your presentation.
- You should have 2 slides per cultural diversity topic.
- Allow 1 slide for a cover slide and 1 slide for references
- Your presentation should have no more than 15 slides total.
- Be creative in your presentation (Ghant chart, MicroSoft Word table, or LucidChart, a free online tool).
View the Lab Assignment Rubric (15 points) for the grading criteria.
Submit your grid to this Module 14.1 Dropbox.
Real World Case 21.220 POINTS |
For this activity, you will review the Real World Case 21.2 in your textbook. You will conduct an analysis of the situation and summarize how you would have addressed the issues.
Amnesia, a form of memory loss, can be a terrifying condition. Symptoms could include, not knowing who you are or where you came from, inability to recall facts from the past, or to have the capability to form new memories. An onset of amnesia could come from a head injury, severe trauma or stress or from long-term alcohol abuse.
A woman was found unresponsive on a desert highway and brought to the emergency room of a local hospital. After five days in a coma, the woman awoke and did not know her name, where she was from, her history, or have any recollection of her past. She was given the name Jane Brown and eventually released from the hospital. After many years working with social service agencies, she built a new life but never regained memories of her past. Eventually, she graduated from college, moved to the Pacific Northwest, married, and had two sets of twins one year apart. One day a man recognized her as a missing woman from Arizona and contacted authorities. The police notified Ms. Brown of her past life and informed her she has family members who want to meet her. With the hope of remembering her past, she met with them. With the case receiving national news coverage and attention, the local hospital noticed a marked increase in the number of people requesting access the health records of Ms. Brown and her children.
Analyze Real World Case 21.2. For this activity, you will evaluate the case of Jane Brown, a status post coma victim who awoke after 5 days with complete memory loss. Include in your analysis any potential ethical issues associated with the case, suggestions on how the hospital could prevent, if any, unethical behavior associated with this case, and identify treatment options for Ms. Brown’s cultural shock once she learned who she was and that she had family and friends from a previous life.
You will then answer the following questions in the Quiz Tool, using complete sentences and focusing on relevant details.
- What are the ethical issues associated with this case?
- Identify a few things the hospital can do to prevent unethical behavior.
- Evaluate the consequences of a breach of healthcare ethics.
- Discuss Ms. Brown’s potential ethical cultural shock by learning who she was and meeting family and friends who she does not remember. Think in terms of religion and cultural bias or prejudices.
Guidelines |
Before you submit your Real World Case Study written responses:
- Ensure all of the Real World Case Study 21.2 questions are answered thoroughly.
- View the Critical Thinking Assignment Rubric (20 points) for the grading criteria.
- Then, finally, complete and submit your answers in the Quiz Tool.
Please Note: Each question is worth 5 points for a total of 20 points.
Real World Case 21.220 POINTS |
For this activity, you will review the Real World Case 21.2 on page 620-621 of your textbook. You will conduct an analysis of the situation and summarize how you would have addressed the issues.
Amnesia, a form of memory loss, can be a terrifying condition. Symptoms could include, not knowing who you are or where you came from, inability to recall facts from the past, or to have the capability to form new memories. An onset of amnesia could come from a head injury, severe trauma or stress or from long-term alcohol abuse.
Analyze Real World Case 21.2. For this activity, you will evaluate the case of Jane Brown, a status post coma victim who awoke after 5 days with complete memory loss. Include in your analysis any potential ethical issues associated with the case, suggestions on how the hospital could prevent, if any, unethical behavior associated with this case, and identify treatment options for Ms. Brown’s cultural shock once she learned who she was and that she had family and friends from a previous life.
You will then answer the following questions in the Quiz Tool, using complete sentences and focusing on relevant details.
- What are the ethical issues associated with this case?
- Identify a few things the hospital can do to prevent unethical behavior.
- Evaluate the consequences of a breach of healthcare ethics.
- Discuss Ms. Brown’s potential ethical cultural shock by learning who she was and meeting family and friends who she does not remember. Think in terms of religion and cultural bias or prejudices.
Guidelines |
Before you submit your Real World Case Study written responses:
- Ensure all of the Real World Case Study 21.2 questions are answered thoroughly.
- View the Critical Thinking Assignment Rubric (20 points) for the grading criteria.
- Then, finally, complete and submit your answers in the Quiz Tool.
Please Note: Each question is worth 6.66 points for a total of 20 points.
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction:
Health information management (HIM) professionals have a responsibility to adhere to a professional code of ethics in their business practices and professional behavior. This includes understanding the concepts of cultural diversity, ethical decision-making, and the foundations of ethics within HIM. As a medical professor, it is important to design assignments that test the knowledge and application of these principles within the medical college students. In this context, four assignments are addressed, including a discussion on code of ethics, analyzing Real World Case 21.1 and 21.2, and designing a cultural diversity training PowerPoint presentation.
Discussion:
Code of Ethics:
AHIMA’s Code of Ethics outlines the ethical principles and values that are fundamental for HIM professionals. These ethical principles include promoting access, confidentiality and security of health information, working within legal and ethical boundaries, and maintaining professional competency. The ethical responsibilities of HIM professionals also include ethical decision-making processes and resolution of ethical dilemmas. Comparing AHIMA’s Code of Ethics with another health professional such as nursing, there are similarities and differences. Both codes of ethics require professionals to promote confidentiality and security of patient information, work within legal boundaries, and ensure competency. However, AHIMA’s Code of Ethics is more specific to HIM professionals, whereas nursing ethics is broader in nature, covering a wide range of responsibilities.
Real World Case 21.1:
Kelly, the new coder, finds herself in a difficult decision-making situation where the manager asks her to code charts for a particular procedure using two codes instead of one for higher reimbursement. Kelly feels obligated to comply with her manager’s request as she really needs the job. However, she has not learned about the ethical principles and values that are fundamental for HIM professionals. The ethical question in this situation is whether Kelly should comply with her manager’s request or not. The stakeholders in this case are Kelly, the manager, the clinic, and insurance companies. The options for Kelly are to comply with her manager’s request, refuse to comply and risk losing her job or report the manager’s request to a higher authority. The decision that best aligns with the HIM values at stake is for Kelly to refuse to comply with her manager’s request and report it to a higher authority. The choice of not complying with the manager’s request and reporting it is justified based on AHIMA’s Code of Ethics, which requires him professionals to utilize supporting documentation, demonstrate integrity and a commitment to ethical and legal practices.
Real World Case 21.2:
In this case, Jane Brown suffers from amnesia after being found unresponsive on a desert highway. Jane could not remember her past and built a new life by graduating from college, moving to the Pacific Northwest, getting married, and having two sets of twins. Many years later, Jane was recognized as a missing person from Arizona, and the hospital she was admitted to noticed a marked increase in the number of missing persons’ reports. The ethical question in this case is how to prevent a similar situation from happening again. The stakeholders in this case are the hospital, the social service agencies, Jane Brown, and her family. The HIM values at stake include confidentiality, security, and integrity of health information and quality healthcare. The decision that best aligns with the HIM values is to take preventive measures such as implementing stricter hospital policies and promptly checking the identity of missing persons to avoid similar situations in the future.
Lab Assignment 21.2:
Cultural diversity is a critical aspect that impacts healthcare quality and patient outcomes. HIM professionals must be aware of patients’ cultural backgrounds, customs, traditions, and social standards. They must be culturally competent and able to communicate effectively with patients of diverse cultural backgrounds. In this lab assignment, students will create a Diversity Training PowerPoint presentation based on five diversity topics such as religion, gender, language, sexual orientation, and age. The purpose of this presentation is to build awareness and knowledge of the cultural diversity of patients and work towards improving healthcare quality. The presentation should be a minimum of ten slides and cover two slides per cultural diversity topic. The presentation should include a cover slide, five diversity topics, and a reference slide.
Conclusion:
As medical professionals, it is essential to follow ethical principles and values that govern HIM practices. The case studies discussed highlight the importance of ethical decision-making processes and adherence to AHIMA’s Code of Ethics. Assignments such as the discussion on the Code of Ethics, analyzing Real World Cases 21.1 and 21.2, and designing a cultural diversity training PowerPoint presentation are essential for students’ understanding of the importance of ethical values in healthcare and in their future careers as HIM professionals.
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